Updated March 21, 2019.
ITALIAN | ENGLISH |
a giropoggio | vines planted across a slope (along the contour of the slope; compare with a ritocchino) |
a ritocchino | vines planted up and down a slope (from peak to valley, as it were; compare with a giropoggio) |
acciaio [inossidabile] | stainless-steel [vat/tank] |
acinellatura | millerandage [alt.: shot berries, hens and chicks, or pumpkins and peas] |
affinamento | aging |
alberello | head-trained bush vines |
allegagione | fruit set |
allevamento | training |
apice vegetativo | shoot tip |
argilla | clay |
arresto di fermentazione | stuck fermentation |
assemblaggio | blend |
azoto | nitrogen |
barbatella | rooted cutting/bench graft |
barrique | barrique [small French oak cask] |
bâtonnage | stirring on the lees |
biodinamica | biodynamics/biodynamic |
biologico | organic |
botte | traditional large cask |
bucce | skins |
Cabernet [Sauvignon] | Cabernet Sauvignon |
Cabernet Franc | Cabernet Franc |
calcare/calcareo | limestone/calcareous [limestone-rich] |
capo a frutto | fruit cane |
cappello sommerso | submerged cap maceration |
chioma | canopy |
chiusura grappolo | bunch closure |
cimatura | hedging |
cocciniglia | mealybug |
cordone | Cordon |
cordone speronato | cordon-trained spur-pruned [vines] |
cru | vineyard designation/single vineyard |
cuvée | blend |
délestage | rack and return |
diradamento dei grappoli | pruning/thinning grapes/dropping fruit/green harvest |
diradamento di germogli | shoot thinning |
diraspare/diraspatrice | de-stem/de-stemmer |
diserbante termico | weed torch/weed flamer |
DOC | DOC [designation of controlled origin] |
DOCG | DOCG [designation of controlled and guaranteed origin] |
DOP | PDO [Protected Designation of Origin] |
doppio capovolto | double-arched cane [training] |
drenaggio | drainage |
esca | esca [alt.: black dead arm or black measles] |
escursione termica | [diurnal] temperature variation |
femminella | lateral shoot |
fermentazione arrestata | stuck fermentation |
filare | row |
flavescenza dorata | grapevine yellows (flavescence dorée) |
follatura | punching down |
forma di allevamento | training system/trellis system |
galestro | galestro [a marl- and limestone-rich subsoil unique to Tuscany] |
gemma | bud |
gemma dormiente, gemma d’inverno | dormant bud |
germogliamento | budbreak, budburst |
giropoggio | vines planted across a slope (along the contour of the slope; compare with a ritocchino) |
grappa | grappa |
grappolo | cluster/bunch |
grappolo spargolo | loosely clustered grape bunch |
Guyot | Guyot |
IGP | PGI [Protected Geographical Indication] |
IGT | IGT [typical geographical indication] |
inerbimento | sward management of the soil |
innesto | graft |
interfila | inter-row |
invaiatura | veraison |
lievito naturale | native/ambient/indigenous/wild yeast |
lievito selezionato | cultured yeast |
limo | silt |
macchia mediterranea | Mediterranean maquis [shrubland] |
maestrale (vento di maestrale) | north-westerly wind |
malolattica | malolactic fermentation |
marna/marne | marl |
marza | scion |
maturazione | ripening |
monovitigno | single-grape variety [wine] |
mosto | must |
oidio | oidium [powdery mildew] |
pedicello | pedicel |
peduncolo | stem (peduncle) |
pergola | pergola / overhead trellis system |
peronospora | peronospora [downy mildew] |
pied de cuve | pied de cuve [native yeast starter] |
pigiatura | crush/crushing |
pirodiserbatore | weed torch/weed flamer |
pirodiserbo | weed torching |
pollone | sucker |
portinnesto | rootstock |
pressa | press |
pressare | to press |
quercia | oak |
rachide | rachis |
raspo | stem |
rimontaggio | pumping over |
ritocchino | vines planted up and down a slope (from peak to valley, as it were; compare with a giropoggio) |
sabbia/sabbioso | sand/sandy [sandy soil] |
Sauvignon [Blanc] | Sauvignon Blanc |
scacchiatura | shoot-thinning |
scheletro | very fine gravel |
seme | seed |
sfogliatura | leaf plucking |
sgemmatura | disbudding |
siccità | drought/drought conditions |
sistema di allevamento | training/trellis system |
sottofila | under-row |
sottosuolo | subsoil |
sovescio | cover crop/green manure |
sovramaturazione | over-ripening |
spalliera (vigneto a spalliera) | vertical shoot positioning of the shoots (VSP) |
spargolo (grappolo spargolo) | loosely clustered (grape bunch) |
sperone | spur |
spollonatura | (disbudding and suckering) de-suckering |
stralciatura | shoot-thinning |
stress idrico | hydric stress |
sulle bucce | skin contact [macerated on the skins] |
sulle fecce nobili | lees aged [aged on its lees] |
sur lie | lees aged [aged on its lees] |
svinatura | racking (devatting, drawing off) |
terreno/terreni | soil |
tessitura (del suoolo) | soil texture |
tignola della vite | vine moth [Eupoecilia ambiguella] European berry moth |
tralcio | shoot/cane |
tramoggia | hopper/feeder |
tufo | tufaceous subsoil [porous limestone] |
vasca | vat/tank |
vento di maestrale | north-westerly wind |
vigna/vigne | vine/vineyards |
vigneto | vineyard |
vinaccia/vinacce | pomace |
vinacciolo | seed |
vite | vine |
viticcio | tendril |
vitigno | grape variety |