Here’s an updated link for a free download of the 2019 Slow Wine Guide (the previously link is now stale because so many people used it fyi).
Wondering why this post preceded by an image culled from a (public domain) vintage poster for the 1968 science fiction classic “Barbarella”? Read on.
Ever since the Italian-English wine glossary was first launched here, Maurizio Gily — a leading Italian agronomist, writer, publisher, and professor at the University of Gastronomic Sciences in Piedmont – has lent a hand in fine-tuning the entries.
Most recently, he shared the following note from a California grower, who points out that barbatella can be translated in a variety of ways in English depending on context.
The entry has been updated accordingly and Maurizio has graciously and generously added a number of new entries as well (thank you, Maurizio!).
In case you’ve never seen a barbatella — a rooted cutting (otherwise known as a bench graft) — here’s a video shot at Vivai Cooperativi Rauscedo, the famed Italian nursery that provides bench grafts to wineries and growers across the world (it’s in Italian but it shows how the rooted cuttings/bench grafts are prepared and shipped etc.).
Thanks for being here and thanks for speaking Italian wine!
Hi Maurizio,
There are a number of different names we use depending on whether the vine has been rooted and how old the vine is. Here is a link that explains it fairly well:
http://www.sunridgenurseries.com/index.php/products
In my experience, I have heard “greengrowers” used for grafted vines that have been planted in pots with soil and “bench grafts” used for dormant scion/rootstock grafted vines.
Here is little more in-depth information:
https://www.practicalwinery.com/janFeb07/janfeb07p91.htm
All that being said, I like the name “barbatella” much better.
Reminds me of a young Jane Fonda for some reason… she starred in a movie back in the 1960s called Barbarella.
ITALIAN | ENGLISH |
a giropoggio | vines planted across a slope (along the contour of the slope; compare with a ritocchino) |
a ritocchino | vines planted up and down a slope (from peak to valley, as it were; compare with a giropoggio) |
acciaio [inossidabile] | stainless-steel [vat/tank] |
acinellatura | millerandage [alt.: shot berries, hens and chicks, or pumpkins and peas] |
affinamento | aging |
alberello | head-trained bush vines |
allegagione | fruit set |
allevamento | training |
apice vegetativo | shoot tip |
argilla | clay |
arresto di fermentazione | stuck fermentation |
assemblaggio | blend |
azoto | nitrogen |
barbatella | rooted cutting/bench graft |
barrique | barrique [small French oak cask] |
bâtonnage | stirring on the lees |
biodinamica | biodynamics/biodynamic |
biologico | organic |
botte | traditional large cask |
bucce | skins |
Cabernet [Sauvignon] | Cabernet Sauvignon |
Cabernet Franc | Cabernet Franc |
calcare/calcareo | limestone/calcareous [limestone-rich] |
capo a frutto | fruit cane |
cappello sommerso | submerged cap maceration |
chioma | canopy |
chiusura grappolo | bunch closure |
cimatura | hedging |
cocciniglia | mealybug |
cordone | cordon |
cordone speronato | cordon-trained spur-pruned [vines] |
cru | vineyard designation/single vineyard |
cuvée | Blend |
délestage | rack and return |
diradamento dei grappoli | pruning/thinning grapes/dropping fruit/green harvest |
diradamento di germogli | shoot thinning |
diraspare/diraspatrice | de-stem/de-stemmer |
diserbante termico | weed torch/weed flamer |
DOC | DOC [designation of controlled origin] |
DOCG | DOCG [designation of controlled and guaranteed origin] |
DOP | PDO [Protected Designation of Origin] |
doppio capovolto | double-arched cane [training] |
drenaggio | drainage |
esca | esca [alt.: black dead arm or black measles] |
escursione termica | [diurnal] temperature variation |
femminella | lateral shoot |
fermentazione arrestata | stuck fermentation |
filare | row |
flavescenza dorata | grapevine yellows (flavescence dorée) |
follatura | punching down |
forma di allevamento | training system/trellis system |
galestro | galestro [a marl- and limestone-rich subsoil unique to Tuscany] |
gemma | bud |
gemma dormiente, gemma d’inverno | dormant bud |
germogliamento | budbreak, budburst |
giropoggio | vines planted across a slope (along the contour of the slope; compare with a ritocchino) |
grappa | grappa |
grappolo | cluster/bunch |
grappolo spargolo | loosely clustered grape bunch |
Guyot | Guyot |
IGP | PGI [Protected Geographical Indication] |
IGT | IGT [typical geographical indication] |
inerbimento | sward management of the soil |
innesto | graft |
interfila | inter-row |
invaiatura | veraison |
lievito naturale | native/ambient/indigenous/wild yeast |
lievito selezionato | cultured yeast |
limo | silt |
macchia mediterranea | Mediterranean maquis [shrubland] |
maestrale (vento di maestrale) | north-westerly wind |
malolattica | malolactic fermentation |
marna/marne | marl |
marza | scion |
maturazione | ripening |
monovitigno | single-grape variety [wine] |
mosto | must |
oidio | oidium [powdery mildew] |
pedicello | pedicel |
peduncolo | stem (peduncle) |
pergola | pergola / overhead trellis system |
peronospora | peronospora [downy mildew] |
pied de cuve | pied de cuve [native yeast starter] |
pigiatura | crush/crushing |
pirodiserbatore | weed torch/weed flamer |
pirodiserbo | weed torching |
pollone | sucker |
portinnesto | rootstock |
pressa | press |
pressare | to press |
quercia | oak |
rachide | rachis |
raspo | stem |
rimontaggio | pumping over |
ritocchino | vines planted up and down a slope (from peak to valley, as it were; compare with a giropoggio) |
sabbia/sabbioso | sand/sandy [sandy soil] |
Sauvignon [Blanc] | Sauvignon Blanc |
scacchiatura | shoot-thinning |
scheletro | very fine gravel |
seme | seed |
sfogliatura | leaf plucking |
sgemmatura | disbudding |
siccità | drought/drought conditions |
sistema di allevamento | training/trellis system |
sottofila | under-row |
sottosuolo | subsoil |
sovescio | cover crop/green manure |
sovramaturazione | over-ripening |
spalliera (vigneto a spalliera) | vertical shoot positioning of the shoots (VSP) |
spargolo (grappolo spargolo) | loosely clustered (grape bunch) |
sperone | spur |
spollonatura | (disbudding and suckering) de-suckering |
stralciatura | shoot-thinning |
stress idrico | hydric stress |
sulle bucce | skin contact [macerated on the skins] |
sulle fecce nobili | lees aged [aged on its lees] |
sur lie | lees aged [aged on its lees] |
svinatura | racking (devatting, drawing off) |
terreno/terreni | soil |
tessitura (del suoolo) | soil texture |
tignola della vite | vine moth [Eupoecilia ambiguella] European berry moth |
tralcio | shoot/cane |
tramoggia | hopper/feeder |
tufo | tufaceous subsoil [porous limestone] |
vasca | vat/tank |
vento di maestrale | north-westerly wind |
vigna/vigne | vine/vineyards |
vigneto | vineyard |
vinaccia/vinacce | pomace |
vinacciolo | seed |
vite | vine |
viticcio | tendril |
vitigno | grape variety |